Church of Scientology

By Jennifer Laurin

BOOKS

Popular, Primary Source Books

Braddeson, Walter.  Scientology for the Millions.  Los Angeles:  Sherbourne, 1969.

Budrys, Algis, L. Ron Hubbard, Robert Silverberg, and Dave Wolverton.  L. Ron Hubbard Presents Writers of the Future.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1985.

Church of Scientology.  A Description of the Scientology Religion.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1994.

Church of Scientology.  Echoes of the Past:  Historical Amnesia in Germany Today.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology, 1997.

---.  Evidence on Religious Bona Fides and Status of the Church of Scientology.  Washington:  Dept. of Archives, U.S. Ministry of Public Relations, 1974.

---.  Press View the FBI Raid:  A Collection of Photographs and Press Covering the FBI Raid of July 8, 1977 on the Church of Scientology.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1977.

---.  Religious Apartheid 1997:  Continuing Official Repression of Minority Religious Rights in Germany.  Washington, D.C.:  Church of Scientology International, 1997.

---.  Restoring and Safeguarding Religious Freedom:  How to Protect Your Human Rights in Europe.  Washington, D.C.:  Church of Scientology International, 1997.

---.  Scientology:  A Religion Helping Others.  Hollywood:  Church of Scientology Information Service, 1978.

---.  Scientology:  A World Religion Emerges in the Space Age.  Hollywood:  Church of Scientology Information Service, Dept. of Archives, 1974.

---.  Scientology:  Documenting the Truth.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1978.

---.  Scientology:  Theology and Practice of a Contemporary Religion.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1998.

---.  Scientology, Twentieth Century Religion.  East Grinstead:  Church of Scientology World Wide, 1972.

---.  Success with Scientology.  Hollywood:  Church of Scientology Information Service, Dept. of Archives, 1976.

---.  The Background and Ceremonies of the Church of Scientology of California, Worldwide.  Los Angeles:  The Church, 1970.

---.  The Care and Maintenance of the Fourth Amendment:  The Owner’s Manual.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology, 1979.

---.  The FBI, Tool of the Justice Department:  A Public Report.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1978.

---.  The Guardian Office of the Church of Scientology.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1979.

---.  The Scientology Religion.  East Grinstead:  Church of Scientology, 1974.

---.  The True FBI Story:  A Public Service Report.   Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1977.

---.  The Victor Gyory Story.  East Grinstead:  Church of Scientology, 1971.

---.  What America Needs to Know About Discrimination in Germany.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology International, Human Rights Dept., 1997.

---.  What is Scientology?:  A Guidebook to the World’s Fastest Growing Religion.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1993.

---.  What is Scientology?:  Based on the Works of L. Ron Hubbard.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1978.

---.  What is Scientology?:  The Comprehensive Reference on the World’s Fastest Growing Religion.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1992.

---.  With Malice Toward Some:  A Documented Sampling of U.S. Government Conspiracy, Infiltration, Manipulation, 1950-1979.  East Grinstead:  Church of Scientology World Wide, 1979.

Foster, John Galway, Sir.  Enquiry into the Practice and Effects of Scientology:  Report.  London:  H.M.S.O., 1971.

Hubbard, L. Ron.  Advanced Procedure and Axioms.  3^rd ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1974.

---.  Auditors:  The Most Valuable Beings on the Planet.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 2000.

---.  Axioms and Logics:  The Axioms of Scientology, the Prelogics, the Logics, the Axioms of Dianetics.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  Battlefield Earth:  A Saga of the Year 3000.  New York:  St. Martin’s, 1982.

---.  Buckskin Brigades.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Ceremonies of the Founding Church of Scientology.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1966.

---.  Child Dianetics:  Dianetic Processing for Children.  6^th ed.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1975.

---.  Clear Body, Clear Mind:  The Effective Purification Program.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1990.

---.  Communicating is Fun Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1992.

---.  Dianetics 1955!  Phoenix:  Hubbard Dianetic Research Foundation, 1954.

---.  Dianetics 55!  9^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1973.

---.  Dianetics and Scientology Technical Dictionary.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Dianetics Today.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California Publications Organization United States, 1975.

---.  Dianetics, the Evolution of a Science.  8^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1972.

---.  Dianetics, the Modern Science of Mental Health:  A Handbook of Dianetic Therapy.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  Dianetics, the Original Thesis.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1970.

---.  Dianetics:  The Modern Science of Mental Health.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1992.

---.  E-meter Essentials:  A Startling and Thorough Coverage of the E-meter Incorporating all Modern Developments and its Use in Assessments and Confessionals.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1988.

---.  Field Staff Member Specialist:  A Scientologist Hatting Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1991.

---.  Grammar and Communication for Children.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1992.

---.  Group Auditor’s Handbook.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 2001.

---.  Handbook for Preclears.  8^th ed.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1975.

---.  Have You Lived Before This Life?  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1989.

---.  Have You Lived Before This Life?:  A Scientific Survey:  A Study of Past Lives Through Dianetic Engrams.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  How to Live Though an Executive:  Communications Manual.  6^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  How to Save Your Marriage.  Copenhagen:  S.P.O., 1969.

---.  Hubbard Advanced Auditor Course.  Academy Level IV.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Hubbard Certified Auditor Course.  Academy Level II.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Hubbard Class V Graduate:  Case Supervisor Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1990.

---.  Hubbard Professional Auditor Course.  Academy Level III.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Hubbard Professional Course Supervisor Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1996.

---.  Hubbard Professional Metering Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1996.

---.  Hubbard Recognized Scientologist Course.  Academy Level 0.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Hubbard Trained Scientologist Course.  Academy Level I.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1987.

---.  Introducing the E-meter.  Revised ed.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1988.

---.  Introduction to Scientology Ethics.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1975.

---.  L. Ron Hubbard, the Poet/Lyricist.  United States:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 1995.

---.  L. Ron Hubbard:  The Philosopher:  The Rediscovery of the Human Soul.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Public Relations Office International, 1996.

---.  Letters and Journals:  Literary Correspondence.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1997.

---.  Level 1 Pabs.  2^nd ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1968.

---.  Mission Earth:  The Biggest Science Fiction Dekalogy Ever Written.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1985.

---.  Mission Into Time.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1973.

---.  Modern Management Technology Defined:  Hubbard Dictionary of Administration and Management.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1976.

---.  Notes on the Lectures of L. Ron Hubbard.  6^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1968.

---.  Purification:  An Illustrated Answer to Drugs.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1990.

---.  Return to Tomorrow.  New York:  Garland, 1975.

---.  Science of Survival:  Prediction of Human Behavior.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 2001.

---.  Science of Survival:  Simplified, Faster Dianetic Techniques.  Wichita:  Hubbard Dianetic Foundation, 1951.

---.  Scientology 0-8:  The Book of Basics.  2^nd ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1970.

---.  Scientology 8-8008.  8^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1967.

---.  Scientology Abridged Dictionary.  East Grinstead:  Hubbard Association of Scientologists International, 1965.

---.  Scientology and Dianetics:  Lecture Text of the Summary Course Series.  Phoenix:  Scientific, 1952.

---.  Scientology Ethics Specialist Course:  Standard Ethics.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1998.

---.  Scientology Minister Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1999.

---.  Scientology, 8-80:  The Discovery and Increase of Life Energy in the Genus Homo Sapiens.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1972.

---.  Scientology, Control and the Mechanics of S.C.S.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  Scientology.  Phoenix:  Hubbard Association of Scientologists, 1952.

---.  Scientology:  A History of Man.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1968.

---.  Scientology:  A New Slant on Life.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  Scientology:  Group Auditor’s Handbook.  2^nd ed.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1979.

---.  Scientology:  The Fundamentals of Thought.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1988.

---.  Scientology:  What to Audit.  Phoenix:  Scientific, 1952.

---.  Scientometric Testing.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1991.

---.  Self Analysis:  A Simple Self-Help Volume of Test and Processes Based on the Discoveries Contained in Dianetics. 6^th ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1973.

---.  Special Course in Human Evaluation.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1992.

---.  Staff Status II.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1990.

---.  The Auditor:  From Research to Application.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 1991.

---.  The Book of Case Remedies.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1991.

---.  The Creation of Human Ability:  A Handbook for Scientologists.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  The Dynamics of Life:  An Introduction to Dianetics Discoveries.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1983.

---.  The Hubbard Life Orientation Course.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1990.

---.  The Invaders Plan.   Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1985.

---.  The Management Series, 1970-1974.  2^nd ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1975.

---.  The Organization Executive Course and Management Series.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1991.

---.  The Organization Executive Course:  An Encyclopedia of Scientology Policy.  Illustrated.  8 vols.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1974.

---.  The Phoenix Lectures.  Revised ed.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1971.

---.  The Problems of Work:  How to Solve them and Succeed.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1983.

---.  The Problems of Work:  Scientology Applied to the Work-a-day World.  Los Angeles:  American St. Hill Organization, 1972.

---.  The Research and Discovery Series:  A Running Record of Research into the Mind and Life.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1994.

---.  The Scientology Handbook.   Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1994.

---.  The Technical Bulletins of Dianetics and Scientology.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1991.

---.  The Volunteer Minister’s Handbook.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1976.

---.  Understanding the E-Meter:  A Book on the Basics of How the E-Meter Works.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1988.

---.  What is Scientology?:  Based on the works of L. Ron Hubbard.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1978.

---.  When in Doubt, Communicate:  Quotations from the Works of L. Ron Hubbard.  Ann Arbor:  Scientology Ann Arbor, 1969.

Kaufman, Robert.  Inside Scientology:  How I Joined Scientology and Became Superhuman.  New York:  Olympia, 1972.

Littler, June D.  The Church of Scientology and L. Ron Hubbard.  New York:  Garland, 1992.

Malko, George.  Scientology:  The Now Religion.  New York:  Delacorte, 1970.

O’Brien, Helen E.  Dianetics in Limbo:  A Documentary About Immortality.  Philadelphia:  Whitmore:  1966.

Pool, Cass.  The Second Dynamic:  Introduction to Scientology Ethics.  Portland:  Heron Books, 1981.

Rolph, C. H.  Believe What you Like:  What Happened Between the Scientologists and the National Association for Mental Health.  London:  Deutsch, 1973.

Samuels, Jim.  The Official Handbook for Ex-Scientologists.  Hillsboro:  Mentat School, 1980.

The Character of Scientology.  East Grinstead:  Dept. of Publications World Wide, 1968.

Vosper, Cyril.  The Mind Benders.  London:  Spearman, 1971.

Scholarly, Secondary Source Books

De Mille, Richard.  Introduction to Scientology:  An Introductory Survey and Evaluation of Thirty Years’ Work in the Field of Human Thought.  2^nd ed.  Los Angeles:  Sequoia Univ. of California, 1953.

Grolier Educational Firm.  U.S.A. Sixties.  Danbury:  Grolier Educational, 2001.

Hankins, Barry, and Derek Davis.  New Religious Movements and Religious Liberty in America.  Waco:  J.M. Dawson Institute of Church-State Studies and Baylor University, 2002.

Lamont, Stewart.  Religion Inc.:  The Church of Scientology.  London:  Harrap, 1986.

Melton, J. Gordon, and Robert L. Moore.  The Cult Experience:  Responding to the New Religious Pluralism.  New York:  Pilgrim Press, 1982.

Melton, J. Gordon.  American Religious Creeds.  New York:  Triumph Books, 1988.

---.  The Church of Scientology.  Salt Lake City:  Signature Books in co-operation with CESNUR, 2000.

Nordenholz, Anastasius.  Scientology:  Science of the Constitution and Usefulness of Knowledge.  Munich:  Freie Zone e.V., 1995.

Pechner, Tal.  Ethnic Cleansing in Germany:  A Symposium.  Washington, D.C.:  Freedom for Religions in Germany, 1997.

Wallis, Roy.  The Road to Total Freedom:  A Sociological Analysis of Scientology.  New York:  Columbia University, 1977.

Whitehead, Harriet.  Renunciation and Reformulation:  A Study of Conversion in an American Sect.  Ithaca:  Cornell University, 1987.

---.  What does Scientology Auditing Do?  Chicago:  University of Chicago, 1975.

Winter, J.A..  A Doctor’s Report on Dianetics:  Theory and Therapy.  New York:  Julian, 1951.

Popular, Secondary Source Books

Atack, Jon.  A Piece of Blue Sky:  Scientology, Dianetics, and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed.  New York:  Carol, 1990.

Bednarowski, Mary Farrell.  New Religions and the Theological Imagination in America.  Bloomington:  Indiana University, 1989.

Burroughs, William S.  Ali’s Smile:  Naked Scientology.  2^nd ed.  Bonn:  Expanded Media Editions, 1985.

Christian Science Publishing Society.  Human Rights:  A Higher View.  Boston:  Christian Science, 1994.

Church of the New Faith.  Whatever Happened to Adelaide?:  A Report on the Select Committee on the Scientology (Prohibition) Act to the Government and people of South Australia.  Adelaide:  Church of the New Faith, 1973.

Corydon, Bent.  L. Ron Hubbard, Messiah or Madman?  Secaucus:  L. Stuart, 1987.

Dalton, David R.  Two Disparate Philosophies:  The Scientologists Versus NAMH.  New York:  Regency, 1973.

Evenhouse, Bill.  Sects and Cults with Non-Christian Roots.  Revised ed.  Grand Rapids:  CRC, 1990.

Garrison, Omar V.  Playing Dirty:  The Secret War Against Beliefs.  Los Angeles:  Ralston-Pilot, 1980.

---.  The Hidden Story of Scientology.  Secaucus:  Citadel, 1974.

Horner, Jack F.  Fundamentals of Scientology.  Johannesburg:  Static, 1956.

---.  Summary of Scientology.  London:  Hubbard Association of Scientologists, 1956.

L. Ron Hubbard, Adventurer/Explorer:  Daring Deeds and unknown Realms.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 1996.

L. Ron Hubbard, The Humanitarian:  Education.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 1996.

L. Ron Hubbard:  A Profile.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard library, 1995.

L. Ron Hubbard:  Images of a Lifetime:  A Photographic Biography.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1996.

L. Ron Hubbard:  The Artist, Art and Philosophy of Art.  Los Angeles:  L. Ron Hubbard Library, 1998.

Maynard, Len, and Victor.  Creative Learning, A Scientological Experiment in Schools.  London:  Scientology Publications, 1955.

McGowan, Harold.  The Thoughtron Theory of Life and Matter:  How it Relates to Scientology and Transcendental Meditation.  New York:  Exposition, 1973.

Meldal-Johnsen, Trevor.  The Truth About Scientology.  New York:  Grosset & Dunlap, 1980.

Miller, Russell.  Bare-Faced Messiah:  The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard.  London:  M. Joseph, 1987.

Moos, Kaj.  A Chronological View of L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology.  Silkeborg, Denmark:  Havmaagen/Seagull Production, 1995.

New Zealand Commission of Inquiry into the Hubbard Scientology Organisation in New Zealand.  Hubbard Scientology Organisation in New Zealand and any Associated Scientology Organisation or Bodies in New Zealand:  Report of the Commission of Inquiry.  Wellington:  A.R. Shearer, 1969.

Scientology, the Other Case.  Perth:  Church of Scientology, 1972.

Scientology:  Church of Controversy.  Los Angeles:  Church of Scientology of California, 1978.

Sharpe, Reg.  This is Life:  An Introduction to Scientology.  East Grindstead:  Hubbard Communications Office, 1961.

The Background, Ministry, Ceremonies and Sermons of the Scientology Religion.  Los Angeles:  Bridge, 1999.

Victoria, Australia.  Board of Inquiry into Scientology.  Report.  Melbourne:  A.C. Brooks, 1965.

ARTICLES

Primary and Popular

California Association of Dianetic Auditors.  Journal of the Dianetic Sciences  1961.

Scholarly, Secondary Source Articles

Bainbridge, William Sims, and Rodney Stark.  “Networks of Faith:  Interpersonal Bonds and Recruitment to Cults and Sects.”  American Journal of Sociology 85 (1980):  137-139.

---.  “Scientology:  To be Perfectly Clear.”  Sociological Analysis 41 (1980):  128-136.

Bainbridge, William Sims.  “The Religious Ecology of Deviance.”  American Sociological Review 54 (1989):  288-295.

---.  “Science and Religion:  The Case of Scientology.”  In Future of New Religious Movements  Macon:  Mercer University, 1987.  59-79.

---.  “Cultural Genetics.”  In Religious Movements  New York:  Paragon House, 1985.  157-198.

Barker, Eileen.  “Religious Movements:  Cult and Anticult Since Jonestown.”  Annual Review of Sociology 12 (1986):  329-346.

Bednarowski, Mary Farrell.  “The Church of Scientology:  Lightning Rod for Cultural Boundary Conflicts.”  In America’s Alternative Religions  Ed. Timothy Miller.  Albany:  State University of New York, 1995.  385-392.

Berger, Albert I.  “Towards a Science of the Nuclear Mind:  Science-Fiction Origins of Dianetics.”  Science-Fiction Studies 16 (1989):  123-44.

Beyer, Peter.  “Scientology:  A New Religion of Power.”  Sociological Analysis 47 (1987):  360-361.

Boston, G. Robert.  “The IRS and the E-meter Shuffle:  A Scientology Case at the Supreme Court.”  Church and State 42 (1989):  30-32, 34.

Boyle, James.  “The First Amendment and Cyberspace:  The Clinton Years.”  Law and Contemporary Problems 63 (2000):  337-351.

Campbell, Bruce.  “A Typology of Cults.”  Sociological Analysis 39 (1978):  228-240.

Catton, William R., Jr..  “What Kind of People Does a Religious Cult Attract?”  American Sociological Review 22 (1957):  561-566.

Clarke, Peter B.  “The Cultural Impact of New Religions in Latin and Central America and the Caribbean with Special Reference to Japanese New Religions.”  Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies 4 (1995):  117-125.

“Cultural Origins of New Age Cults.”  Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10 (1998):  31-48.

Dawson, Lorne L.  “Anti-modernism, Modernism, and Postmodernism: Struggling with the Cultural Significance of New Religious Movements.”  Sociology of Religion 62 (1998):  131-156.

Dick, Anthony, and Thomas Robbins.  “The Sociology of Contemporary Religious Movements.”  Annual Review of Sociology 5 (1979):  75-89.

Ekland-Olson, Sheldon, David A. Snow, and Louis A. Zurcher.  “Social Networks and Social Movements:  A Microstructural.”  American Sociological Review 45 (1980):  787-801.

Evans, Christopher Francis.  “Scientology.”  Humanist 34 (1974):  16-19.

Flinn, Frank K.  “Scientology as Technological Buddhism.”  In Alternatives to American Mainline Churches  New York:  Rose of Sharon, 1983.  89-110.

Froese, Paul, and Steven Pfaff.  “Replete and Desolate Markets:  Poland, East Germany, and the New Religious Paradigm.”  Social Forces 80 (2001):  481-507.

Gaustad, Edwin S., Darline Miller, and G. Allison Stokes.  “Religion in America.”  American Quarterly 31 (1979):  250-283.

Hall, Deana.  “Managing to Recruit:  Religious Conversion in the Workplace.”  Sociology of Religion 59 (1998):  393-410.

Harper, Charles L.  “Cults and Communities:  The Community Interfaces of Three Marginal Religious Movements.”  Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 21 (1982):  26-38.

Heard, Steven R.  “The Church of Scientology.”  In Religious Discrimination  Washington, DC:  US Commission on Civil Rights, 1980.  199-208.

Iannaccone, Laurence R.  “A Formal Model of Church and Sect.”  American Journal of Sociology 94 (1988):  S241-S268.

Introvigne, Massimo.  “Religion as Claim:  Social and Legal Controversies.”  In Pragmatics of Defining Religion  Leiden:  EJ Brill, 1999.  41-72.

Jacobsen, Jeff, and Jim Lippard.  “Scientology v. the Internet:  Free Speech & Copyright Infringement on the Information Super-Highway.”  Skeptic 3 (1995):  35-40.

Johansen, Robin B.  “Government Characterization of Church Activity:  ‘Religious’ versus ‘Secular’.”  In Ecumenical Perspectives on Church and State  Waco:  JM Dawson Institution of Church-State Studies, 1988.  111-121.

Johnson, Benton.  “A Sociologist of Religion Looks at the Future of New Religious Movements.”  In Future of New Religious Movements  Macon:  Mercer University, 1987.  251-260.

Kaplan, Jeffrey.  “The Fall of the Wall.”  Nova Religio 1 (1997):  139-149.

Kent, Stephen A.  “The Creation of “Religious” Scientology.”  Religious Studies and Theology 18 (1999):  97-126.

---.  “The Globalization of Scientology:  Influence, Control and Opposition in Transnational Markets.”  Religion 29 (1999):  147-169.

Kyle, Richard.  “The Church of Scientology.”  In The Religious Fringe: A History of Alternative Religions in America  Downers Grove, IL:  InterVarsity Press, 1993.  303-312.

LeBlanc, Doug.  “Scientology Fights Its Own World War.”  Christian Research Journal 20 (1997):  5-7, 47.

Lindholm, Charles.  “Charisma, Crowd Psychology and Altered States of Consciousness.”  Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 16 (1992):  287-310.

Martin, Daniel E.  “Brought into the Fold:  Scientology as a Case Study on Influence and Persuasion in Religion.”  Skeptic 8 (2000):  56-59.

Meldgaard, Helle.  “Scientology’s Religious Roots.”  Studia Missionalia 41 (1992):  169-185.

Melton, J. Gordon.  “Church of Scientology.”  In Encyclopedia of American Religions  6th ed.  Detroit:  Gale Research, 1999.  722-724.

---.  “The Church of Scientology.”  In The Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America  New York:  Garland, 1986.  128-134.

Morth , Ingo.  “Elements of Religious Meaning in Science-Fiction Literature.”  Social Compass 34 (1987):  87.

Peckham, Michael.  “New Dimensions of Social Movement/Countermovement Interaction:  The Case of Scientology and its Internet Critics.”  Canadian Journal of Sociology 23 (1998):  317-348.

Peterson, Richard A.  “Revitalizing the Culture Concept.”  Annual Review of Sociology 5 (1979):  137-166.

“Religion in Modernity as a New Axial Age:  Secularization or New Religious Forms?”  Sociology of Religion 60 (1999):  303-333.

Richardson, James T., and Barend Van-Driel.  “Public Support for Anti-Cult Legislation.”  Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 1 (1984):  412-418.

Robbins, Thomas.  “Profits for Prophets:  Legitimate and Illegitimate Economic Practices in New Religious Movements.”  Money and Power in the New Religions 5 (1988):  69-116.

Roof, Wade Clark.  “Scientology, Church of.”  In Contemporary American Religion  vol. 2.  New York:  McMillian, 2000.  648-650.

Ross, Michael W.  “Effects of Membership in Scientology on Personality:  An Exploratory Study.”  Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 27 (1988):  630-636.

Stone, Donald.  “New Religious Consciousness and Personal Religious Experience.”  Sociological Analysis 39 (1978):  123-134.

Straus, Roger.  “Scientology “Ethics”:  Deviance, Identity and Social Control in a Cult-Like Social World.”  Symbolic Interaction 9 (1986):  67-82.

Swatos, William H., Jr..  “Religion, Secularization, and Social Process.”  New England Sociologist 5 (1984):  95-112.

“Text of US Supreme Court Decision:  Hernandez v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.”  Journal of Church and State 32 (1990):  230-247.

Wallis, Roy.  “A Comparative Analysis of Problems and Processes of Change in Two Manipulationist Movements:  Christian Science and Scientology.”  In Contemporary Metamorphosis of Religion  Lille, France:  Edition du Sectariat CISR, 1973.  407-422.

---.  “Hostage to Fortune: Thoughts on the Future of Scientology and the Children of God."  In The Future of New Religious Movements  Macon:  Mercer University, 1987.  59-79.

---.  “Societal Reaction to Scientology:  A Study in the Sociology of Deviant Religion.”  In Sectarianism  New York:  John Wiley and Sons, 1975.  86-116.

---.  “The Sectarianism of Scientology.”  In Sociological Yearbook of Religion in Britain  London:  SCM Press, 1973.  136-155.

Weldon, John F.  “Sampling of the New Religions:  Four Groups Described.”  International Review of Mission 67 (1978):  407-426.

---.  “Scientology:  From Science Fiction to Space-Age Religion.”  Christian Research Journal 16 (1993):  20-23, 32-36.

Westley, Frances R.  “Merger and Separation: Autistic Symbolism in New Religious Movements.”  Journal of Psychoanalytic Anthropology 5 (1982):  137-154.

Whitehead, Harriet.  “Reasonably Fantastic:  Some Perspectives on Scientology, Science Fiction, and Occultism.”  In Religious Movements in Contemporary America  Princeton:  Princeton University, 1974.  547-587.

Wilson, Bryan R.  “The New Religions:  Some Preliminary Considerations.”  In International Conference on Sociology of Religion  Tokyo:  Organizing Committee for Tokyo Meeting of CISR, 1978.  112-130.

Popular, Secondary Source Articles

“A German Eye on Scientology.”  The Economist  1 Feb. 1997:  50.

“A New Genre for L. Ron Hubbard.”  Update  4 Dec 1982:  45-46.

Allen, Mike.  “Dissidents on Computer Rile Scientology.”  New York Times  14 Aug. 1995:  A7.

---.  “Scientology’s Expensive Wisdom Now Comes Free.”  New York Times  20 Aug. 1995:  2.

“Award is Weighed in Case Involving Church, Internet.”  Wall Street Journal  22 Jan. 1996, eastern ed.:  B3.

Barack, Lauren.  “Mad Scientologists Warn Google It’s Cruisin’ for Bruise.”  The New York Post  22 Mar. 2002:  O37.

“Bavaria Asks Disclosure of Scientology Ties.”  New York Times  30 Oct. 1996:  A6.

Behar, Richard.  “Scientology:  A Dangerous Cult Goes Mainstream.”  Reader’s Digest  Oct. 1991:  87-92.

---.  “The Prophet and Profits of Scientology.”  Forbes  27 Oct. 1986:  314-316.

---.  “The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power.”  Time  6 May 1991:  50-57.

“Bonn to Press Scientologists.”  New York Times  20 June 1998:  A4.

“Britain has Lifted its 12-year-old Ban on the Entry of Scientologists.”  Christianity Today  5 Sep. 1980:  70.

Brooke, James.  “Scientologists Lose a Battle in Cyberspace.”  New York Times  14 Sep. 1995:  B14.

Charity, Arthur.  “Villa Gesu will House Teachers of Group with Scientology Link.”  St. Louis Post-Dispatch  21 Mar. 2002, Thursday Five Star Lift ed.:  4. 

“Church Case Hears of Man Making “Noisy Investigation” of Plaintiff.”  The Irish Times  5 Feb. 2003, city ed.:  4.

“Church Pressed Woman to Sell Shop, Court Told.”  The Irish Times  6 Dec. 2002, city ed.:  4.

Clapp, Rodney, and Ronald M. Enroth.  “Did Two Scientologist Spies Come in from the Cold?”  Christianity Today  17 Sep. 1982:  32-35.

Collins, Lesley.  “Land Swap with Scientologists Likely.”  The Tampa Tribune  22 June 2001, final ed.:  2.

Combe, Victoria.  “A Church for Celebrities, but What About Me?”  The Daily Telegraph  23 Mar. 2001:  22.

“Copyright is Now Truly a Grave Issue.”  U.S. News & World Report  5 Mar. 1990:  15.

“Court Refuses Case Over Quoting from Unpublished Works.”  Editor & Publisher, the Fourth Estate  10 Mar. 1990:  18.

Cowell, Alan.  “Germany Will Place Scientology Under nationwide Surveillance.”  New York Times  7 June 1997:  1.

---.  “The Test of German Tolerance.”  New York Times  15 Sep. 1996:  E6.

---.  “Scientology Rally in Germany Sparsely Attended.”  New York Times  28 Oct. 1997:  A11.

“Deal between IRS, Scientology Revealed.”  Christian Century  1998:  256.

Dekker, Diana.  “The Art of Scientology.”  The Dominion Post  1 Mar. 2003:  4.

“Deprogrammer Ted Patrick was Indicted on Kidnapping Charges Last Month.”  Christianity Today  25 Jan. 1980:  41.

Duddy, Neil T.  “New Religions in Europe.”  Update  2 June 1984:  3-61.

Duddy, Neil T., and Ronald M. Enroth.  “Legitimation Processes in some New Religions.”  Update  3 Sep. 1983:  42-54.

“Entering and Breaking.”  Update  3 Sep. 1983:  58-59.

“Faith-Based Favoritism.”  American Prospect 12 (2001):  32-33.

Falsani, Cathleen.  “Scientologists Ready to Help When Needed.”  Chicago Sun-Times  5 July 2002, news special ed.:  37.

Farley, Robert.  “Man’s Film a Veiled Look at Scientology.”  St. Petersburg Times  2 Aug. 2001, South Pinellas ed.:  1A.

---.  “Scientologists Establish Missions in their Back Yard.”  St. Petersburg Times  1 Mar. 2003, South Pinellas ed.:  1A.

Fields, Howard.  “High Court Refuses Holt Appeal on Hubbard Bio.”  Publisher’s Weekly  9 Mar. 1990:  10.

Fleming, Charles, and Kenneth Woodward.  “Scientology in the Schools:  Is L. Ron Hubbard’s Morals Text Harmless?”  Newsweek  14 June 1993:  76-77.

Frankel, Alex C., and James Gorman.  “Seven Facts.”  New York Times Magazine  30 Apr. 1995:  14.

Frantz, Douglas.  “$12.5 Million Deal with I.R.S. Lifted Cloud Over Scientologists.”  New York Times  31 Dec. 1997:  A1.

---.  “An Ultra-Aggressive Use of Investigators and the Courts.”  New York Times  9 Mar. 1997:  31.

---.  “Boston Man in Costly Fight with Scientology.”  New York Times  21 Dec. 1997:  24.

---.  “Florida Drops Charges Against Scientology in 1995 Death.”  New York Times  13 June 2000:  A24.

---.  “Religion’s Search for a Home Base.”  New York Times  1 Dec. 1997:  A16.

---.  “Scientology Denies an Account of an Impromptu I.R.S. Meeting.”  New York Times  19 Mar. 1997:  A18.

---.  “Scientology’s Puzzling Journey from Tax Rebel to Tax Exempt.”  New York Times  9 Mar. 1997:  1.

---.  “Scientology’s Star Roster Enhances Image.”  New York Times  13 Feb. 1998:  A1.

---.  “Tax Agency Hints at Inquiry on Leak on Scientologists.”  New York Times  1 Jan 1998:  A13.

Gallagher, David F.  “New Economy:  A Copyright Dispute with the Church of Scientology is Forcing Google to do Some Creative Linking.”  The New York Times  22 Apr. 2002, late ed.:  C4.

“German Official Vows to Expel Scientologists.”  Christian Century  6 Mar. 1996:  257-258.

“Germany is Focus of Scientology Dispute.”  Christian Century  1997:  123-124.

“Germany to Explain Stance on Scientology.”  New York Times  13 Nov. 1997:  A12.

“Germany’s Mental Fight.”  New Statesman  1 Nov. 1996:  26-27.

Gregoire, Natashia.  “Scientologists Open Hotel Doors to Community.”  The Tampa Tribune  3 Feb. 2002, final ed.:  1.

Headrick, Christina.  “A Few Neighborhoods Tip Tight Contest.”  St. Petersburg Times  15 Mar. 2001:  1.

Henley, Jon.  “France Places Scientology Sect on Trial.”  The Guardian  21 Feb. 2002:  16.

Holland, Gale.  “Unfair Game.”  LA Weekly  22 June 2001:  19.

Hopkins, Joseph M.  “Is L. Ron Hubbard Dead?”  Christianity Today  18 Feb. 1983:  30-32.

---.  “Scientology:  Religion or Racket?”  Christianity Today  21 Nov. 1969:  10-13.

“Hubbard’s Good Works.”  Pittsburgh Post-Gazette  31 May 2002, sooner ed.:  43.

“In Dry Dock.”  Update  1 Mar. 1983:  43-46.

“IRS Ends Dispute with Scientologists and Grants Church Charity Status.”  Chronicle of Philanthropy  19 Oct. 1993:  32.

“IRS Ruling on Scientology Church May Show Willingness to Cooperate.”  Chronicle of Philanthropy  2 Nov. 1993:  58.

“IRS, Scientologists Reach Settlement.”  Christian Century  3 Nov. 1993:  1083.

James, Haydn, and Councillor Jim Whorwood.  “Church of Scientology:  Stars Who Preach the Church’s Gospel.”  Sunday Mercury  5 Aug. 2001:  8.

Jarvis, Michael T.  “Snapshots from the Center of the Universe:  Stranger than Paradise.”  Los Angeles Times  5 Jan. 2003, home ed.:  5.

Juarez, Vanessa.  “House of Worship.”  Austin American Statesman  15 Dec. 2001:  D2.

Kelly, Sara.  “A Night of Engrams and Clears.”  Salon.com  3 Apr. 2002:  1.

“L. Ron Hubbard Inside the Great Wall.”  Publisher’s Weekly  28 Apr. 1989:  36.

Labaton, Stephen.  “Scientologists Granted Tax Exemption by the U.S.”  New York Times  14 Oct. 1993:  A1.

Levesque, William R.  “Scientology Critic Sues Over Movie.”  St. Petersburg Times  9 Nov. 2002:  1.

Lewis, Peter H.  “Behind an Internet Message Service’s Close.”  New York Times  6 Sep. 1996:  D2.

---.  “Posting Matter from Church on Internet is Ruled Illegal.”  New York Times  20 Jan. 1996:  37.

“Loss of Scientology Files Studied.”  New York Times  9 Sep. 1999:  A13.

“Marshals Seize Computer Files of Man Sued by Scientologists.”  New York Times  13 Aug. 1995:  22.

McEnroe, Juno.  “Members of Sect Posed as Health Workers then Bombarded Campus with Calls in Pamphlet Ploy.”  Sunday Mirror  8 Dec. 2002:  4-5.

Muir, Hugh.  “Mayor Bans Scientology Anti-Drug Rally.”  The Evening Standard  31 Aug. 2001:  2.

“My Brush with Sinister World of Scientology.”  Sunday Mercury  5 Aug. 2001:  8.

“My Ways are not Your Ways.”  Update  4 Dec. 1983:  29-30.

Nathan, Paul.  “Uncontroversial Hubbard.”  Publisher’s Weekly  18 Sep. 1995:  24.

Nelson, Marcia Z.  “Scientology:  Keeper of Hubbard’s Flame.”  Publisher’s Weekly  26 Mar. 2001:  S20.

“New Cult Offers Nirvana at a Price.”  The Economic Times  21 Nov. 2002:  1.

“New Era Wins Pre-Pub Review of Hubbard Bio.”  Publisher’s Weekly  11 Aug. 1989:  332.

“Newspaper Editor Wins Leo Ryan Award for Exposing Scientology-Narconon Connection.”  Areopagus:  A Living Encounter with Today’s Religious World  2 Nov. 1992:  39-40.

“Nine Scientologists were Sentenced to Jail Last Month for Their Roles in a Conspiracy.”  Christianity Today  4 Jan. 1980:  64.

“Not so Clear in Clearwater.”  Christianity Today  27 Feb. 1976:  41-42.

O’Higgins, Kevin.  “Giant Inflatable Subs for Author on Book Promotion Tour.”  Marketing News  23 Nov. 1984:  15.

O’Neil, Deborah.  “Church Loads Up for One Last Fight.”  St. Petersburg Times  9 Dec. 2001, South Pinellas ed.:  1B.

---.  “Church Pays Those it Reviled.”  St. Petersburg Times  11 Mar. 2001, South Pinellas ed.:  1B.

---.  “Church Targets Lawsuit Attorney.”  St. Petersburg Times  29 Apr. 2002, South Pinellas ed.:  1B.

---.  “How Scientology Turned its Biggest Critic.”  St. Petersburg Times  7 July 2002, South Pinellas ed.:  1A.

---.  “Man Spent Millions Fighting Scientology.”  St. Petersbur